Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolourblindnessinsomewaywomenareluckieronlyaboutoneintwohundredisaffectedinthismanner.Therearedifferentformsofcolourblindness.Amanmaynotbeabletoseedeepred.
Hemaythinkthatredorangeandyellowareallshadesofgreen.Sometimesapersoncannottellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen.Inrarecasesanunluckymanmayseeeverythinginshadesofgreen-astrangeworldindeed.
Incertainoccupationscolorblindnesscanbedangerousandcandidatesaretestedmostcarefully.Forexamplewhenfightingatnightsoldiersuselightsofflarestosignaltoeachother.AgreenlightmaymeanAdvanceandaredlightmaymeanDanger!Keepback!Youcanseewhatwillhappenifsomebodythinksthatredisgreen!Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain.Inasingleeyetherearemillionsofverysmallthingscalledconesthesehelptoseeinabrightlightandtotellthedifferencebetweencolors.Therearealsomillionsofrodsbuttheseareusedforseeingwhenitisnearlydark.Theyshowusshapebutnotcolor.Waituntilitisdarktonightthengooutside.Lookroundyouandtrytoseewhatcolorsyoucanrecognize.
Birdsandanimalswhichhuntatnighthaveeyeswhichcontainfewornoconesatallsotheycannotseecolors.Asfarasweknowbatsandadultowlscannotseecolorsatallonlylightanddarkshapes.Similarlycatsanddogscannotseecolorsaswellaswecan.
InsectscanseeultravioletrayswhichareinvisibletousandsomeofthemcanevenseeX-rays.Thewingsofamothmayseemgreyanddulltousbuttoinsectstheymayappearbeautifulshowingcolorswhichwecannotsee.Scientistsknowthatthereareothercolorsarounduswhichinsectscanseebutwhichwecannotsee.Someinsectshavefavoritecolors.Mosquitoeslikebluebutdonotlikeyellow.Aredlightwillnotattractinsectsbutabluelampwill.
(1)
Amongpeoplewhosufferfromcolorblindness()().[]
A.somemayseeeverythinginshadesofgreen
B.fewcantellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen
C.fewmaythinkthatredorangeandyellowareallshadesofgreen
D.veryfewmaythinkthateverythingintheworldisingreen
(2)
Whenmillionsofrodsinoureyesareatworkindarknesswecansee()().[]
A.colorsonly
B.shapesandcolors
C.shapesonly
D.darknessonly
(3)
Accordingtothepassagebatsandadultowlscannotseecolors()().[]
A.becausetheyhuntatnight
B.becausetheycannotseelight
C.becausetheyhavenoconesandrods
D.becausetheyhavenocones
(4)
Accordingtothepassagedogsandcats()().[]
A.aswellashumanbeingscannotseesomecolors
B.havefewerconesthanhumanbeings
C.havelessrodsthanhumanbeings
D.canseecolorsaswellashumanbeings
(5)
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutinsects?[]
A.Insectscanseemorecolorsthanhumanbeings.
B.Insectscanseeultravioletrayswhichareinvisibletomen.
C.Allinsectshavetheirfavoritecolors.
D.Theworldismorecolorfultoinsectsthantohumanbeings.
正确答案:
1.D2.C3.D4.B5.C
答案解析:
(1)在第二段最后一句中作者说在罕见的病例中,不幸的患者会把每一种色彩都当作是深浅不同的绿色。A、B、C的错误之处都在于对色盲人数多少的限定词some或few不够准确。
(2)这道细节题可以rods这个专业词帮助我们在第三段中间位置迅速定位,在这里,作者告诉我们视杆细胞(rod)在天色接近黑暗时发挥作用,他们能使我们看到物体的外形,而不是颜色。故选C项。
(3)这道题可从第四段第一、二句中找到,这两句告诉我们在夜晚捕食的鸟和动物的眼睛几乎没有或根本没有锥状细胞(cone),所以不能区别颜色,而蝙蝠或猫头鹰就属于这样的动物。故D项正确。
(4)这是道推断题,第四段最后一句说,猫和狗识别颜色的能力不如人类,而前文又说了不能识别颜色是因为锥状细胞少,由此,我们可以推出猫和狗的锥状细胞不如人类多。这里易误选的是A项,注意文中的aswellas用于否定句是不如&hellip&hellip好的意思,是比较级的as&hellipas形式,不是作为也意思讲的短语aswellas。
(5)关于昆虫的讲述在文中的最后两段中,从这两段的叙述中,我们知道,昆虫能看到许多我们人类看不见的颜色,它们所看到紫外线和X射线,这里在讲到昆虫用的是表示类别的复数形式insects,代表的是所有的昆虫共有的特征,所以A、B、D的内容都是正确的,C的内容说所有的昆虫都有它们自己喜爱的颜色,而文中说的是一些昆虫有自己喜爱的颜色,所以C项的内容不对,为C项。
题目:about ten men in every hundred